Rates
Savings income is taxed on a progressive scale: 19% up to €6,000, 21% up to €50,000, 23% up to €200,000, 27% up to €300,000 and 30% above that. Losses can offset gains in the same base, with limited carry forward.
What counts as a disposal
Selling for euros, exchanging one crypto for another and paying with crypto all trigger a gain or loss, calculated using the FIFO method for identical tokens.
Staking, mining and airdrops
Staking rewards are generally treated as capital income at their value when received. Mining is usually an economic activity. Airdrops are typically taxed as a capital gain without a prior transfer, in the general base.
Reporting
Report sales in your annual Modelo 100 return. Residents holding crypto with custodians abroad worth over €50,000 must file Modelo 721. Crypto also counts toward wealth tax and the solidarity tax on large fortunes.